[95][96][97], In 1900, there were only 8.7million[47] adherents of Christianity in Africa, while in 2010 there were 390 million. Although some national censuses ask people about their religion, they do not ask if they have converted to their presently espoused faith. [101] The main growth areas have been Asia and Africa, 39% and 32%, respectively, since 2000. [89], In recent years, the number of Chinese Christians has increased significantly; Christians were 4 million before 1949 (3million Catholics and 1million Protestants), and are reaching 67million today. [319] While Muslim birth rates are expected to experience a decline, it will remain above replacement level and higher fertility than the world's overall by 2050. "I've confirmed it with. In recent years, "Europe has experienced a record influx of asylum seekers fleeing from Syria and predominantly Muslim . A study by Pew Research found that the number of Americans who identified as Christian was 64% in 2020, with 30% of the US population being classed as "religiously unaffiliated". Especially in the rural areas, the speed and scale of its development are much faster and larger than is the case with Buddhism and Christianity [] in Zhejiang province, where Christianity is better established than elsewhere, temples of folk religion are usually twenty or even a hundred times as numerous as Christian church buildings. Grim, International religious demographic statistics and sources, Last edited on 23 February 2023, at 00:39, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Christianity has grown rapidly in South Korea, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans, List of countries by Zoroastrian population, Religious Projections for the Next 200 Years, "The Future of Global Muslim Population: Projections from 2010 to 2013", "A Religious Forecast For 2050: Atheism Is Down, Islam Is Rising", "Why Muslims are the world's fastest-growing religious group", The Future of the Global Muslim Population, 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199920570.001.0001, 10.1525/california/9780520266612.001.0001, "Pentecostalismthe fastest growing religion on earth", "Pentecostalism: Massive Global Growth Under the Radar", "More Religion, but Not the Old-Time Kind", "Witnessing The New Reach Of Pentecostalism", "Max Weber and Pentecostals in Latin America: The Protestant Ethic, Social Capital and Spiritual Capital Ethic, Social Capital and Spiritual Capital", "Protestantism: The fastest growing religion in the developing world", "The Future of the Global Muslim Population", "The countries where apostasy is punishable by death", "The Changing Global Religious Landscape", "Cumulative Change Due to Religious Switching, 20102050, p.43", "The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Major Religious Groups as of 2010", "The Global Religious Landscape: Buddhists", People's Republic of China: Religions and Churches Statistical Overview 2011, "Global Christianity: Regional Distribution of Christians", The Future of World Religions p.8 Table: Size and Projected Growth of Major Religious Groups, "The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions", "Christianity 2018: More African Christians and Counting Martyrs", "Africa overtakes Latin America for the highest Christian population", "Encyclopedia of Protestantism: 4-volume Set", The Global Religious Landscape: Christians, "The Future of World Religions; Regional Change p.60", "Eastern and Western Europeans Differ on Importance of Religion, Views of Minorities, and Key Social Issues", "Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe", "Turning point in Christianity: Eastern Europe in the late 20th Century", "Engendering Charismatic Economies: Pentecostalism, Global Political Economy, and the Crisis of Social Reproduction", "Study: Christianity growth soars in Africa", "China on course to become 'world's most Christian nation' within 15 years", "The State Of Pentecostalism In Southeast Asia: Ethnicity, Class And Leadership Analysis", "Religion in Latin America, Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region", "6 facts about South Korea's growing Christian population", "Annual Report on International Religious Freedom for 2005 Vietnam", "Better-educated S'pore residents look to religion", China accused of trying to 'co-opt and emasculate' Christianity, "AFP: In Indonesia, Lunar New Year an old practice for young Christians", "In Indonesia, Lunar New Year an old practice for young Christians", "Religious Demographic Profiles Pew Forum", "VATICAN - CATHOLIC CHURCH STATISTICS 2018 - Agenzia Fides", "Think religion is in decline? Conference on Religion and Violence. The clash of internal currents is wearing the movement down a year and a half after it regained power in Afghanistan. [274][275] The Druze faith do not accept converts to their faith, nor practice proselytism. While in prison for robbery from 1946 to 1952, he underwent a conversion that eventually led him to join the Nation of Islam, an African American movement that combined elements of Islam with Black nationalism. [490] Wicca, which is largely a "Pagan" religion primarily attracts followers of nature-based religions in, as an example, the Southeast Valley region of the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area. [362][368][369][370] According to some scholars, the Jizya (poll tax) was the most important factor in the mass conversion to Islam, the tax paid by all non-Muslims (Dhimmis which translated means "protected persons") in Islamic empires[371][372][373][374] While other scholars oppose this belief, because the jizya was not of great value, and those who could not pay it were exempt from it. [515], Statistics on religious adherence are difficult to gather and often contradictory; statistics for the change of religious adherence are even more so, requiring multiple surveys separated by many years using the same data gathering rules. [237] While on the other hand, in 2017, scholars Landon Schnabel and Sean Bock at Harvard University and Indiana University argued that while "Mainline Protestant" churches has declined in the United States since the late 1980s, but many of them do not leave Christianity, but rather convert to another Christian denomination, in particularly to evangelicalism. Muslims are not evenly distributed around the country. According to Pew Research Center, in the United States, the percentage of people converting to Islam is almost the same as the people leaving Islam ( about 23%). Ten years ago, Muhammad Syed became an ex-Muslim. See also "Merely speaking of a 'Muslim community in France' can be misleading and inaccurate: like every immigrant population, Muslims in France exhibit strong cleavages based on the country of their origin, their social background, political orientation and ideology, and the, Stark, Rodney. [230][231][232][233][234][235][236] The 2014 Religious Landscape Study finds a large majority (87.6%) of those who were raised as Christians in the United States still identify as such, while the rest who no longer identify as Christians mostly identify as religiously unaffiliated, and the number of those leaving Christianity in the United States is greater than the number of converts; however, the number of those convert to evangelical Christianity in the United States is greater than the number of those leaving that faith. [301], On the other hand, in 2010, the Pew Forum found "that statistical data for Muslim conversions is scarce and as per their little available information, there is no substantial net gain or loss of Muslims due to religious conversion. Christianity is expected to lose a net of 66 million adherents mostly to religiously unaffiliated, while religiously unaffiliated are expected to gain 61 million adherents. [487], The American Religious Identification Survey gives Wicca an average annual growth of 143% for the period 1990 to 2001 (from 8,000 to 134,000 U.S. data / similar for Canada & Australia). [37] According to the Pew Research Center published on 2010, religious conversion may have little impact on the Buddhists population between 2010 and 2050; Buddhists are expected to lose 2.9 million adherents between 2010 and 2050. "The Lost History of Christianity." [83], The US Department of State estimated in 2005 that Protestants in Vietnam may have grown by 600% over the previous 10 years. Instead, they engage in religious acts that assume a vast array of gods and spirits and that also assume the efficacy of these beings in intervening in this world. And many people who left last year are coming back too. [459] The decline is largely due to the advanced age (median age of 34) and low fertility among unaffiliated or Nonreligious (1.7 children per woman in the 20102015 period). [124][a] Countries with the largest numbers of Muslims converted to Christianity according to this study include Indonesia (6,500,000),[125] Nigeria (600,000),[125] Iran (500,000 versus only 500 in 1979),[125] the United States (450,000),[126] Ethiopia (400,000) and Algeria (380,000). When the kingdom fell to Islamic influences and Brawijaya V converted to Islam in 1478, Sabdapalon cursed the King. [491], Zoroastrianism was founded during the early Persian Empire in the 6th century BCE by Zarathustra. Religion. [458], According to a religious forecast for 2050 by Pew Research Center, the percentage of the world's population that is unaffiliated or nonreligious is expected to drop, from 16% of the world's total population in 2010 to 13% in 2050. Some, mostly women who. [38], It was reported in 2013 that around 5,000 British people convert to Islam every year, with most of them being women. [228] By 2050, Christianity is expected to remain the majority religion in the United States (66.4%, down from 78.3% in 2010), and the number of Christians in absolute numbers is expected to grow from 243 million to 262million. "The majority of ex-Muslims I interviewed said they were profoundly lonely and isolated, and they related. In addition, those with religious beliefs tend to have higher birth rates than the secular population, with fundamentalists having far larger families. The Sensitive Stuff [60] The Vatican's 2008 yearbook of statistics revealed that for the first time, Islam has outnumbered the Roman Catholics globally. Professor Eric Kaufmann, whose academic specialization is how demography affects irreligion/religion/politics, wrote in 2012: In my book, Shall the Religious Inherit the Earth? [319] A new study of Population Reference Bureau by demographers Charles Westoff and Tomas Frejka suggests that the fertility gap between Muslims and non-Muslims is shrinking and although the Muslim immigrants do have more children than other Europeans their fertility tends to decline over time, often faster than among non-Muslims. [113] According to a 2012 study, 17% of Jews in Russia identify themselves as Christians. [26] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, over the next four decades the number of Jews around the world is expected to increase from 14.2 million in 2015 to 16.3 million in 2060. For example, it became gradually . "They were reporting on the mass conversions of Muslimsas many as 6-8 millionin sub-Saharan, Africa, and they have repeated the warning every year," he said. ", "America Must Focus on Religious Persecution against Iranian Christian Converts", "Iranian Diaspora Christians in the American Midwest & Scotland: Historical Background, Present Realities, & Future Challenges", "The Untold Story of Syrian Kurdish Christians", "Sunni extremists threaten to kill Christian converts in north", "Religious conversion in Syria: Alawite and Druze believers", "Muslim refugees are converting to Christianity in Germany", "Christians are leaving the faith in droves and the trend isn't slowing down", "Projected Cumulative Change Due to Religious Switching, 20102050, p.44", "Christianity faces sharp decline as Americans are becoming even less affiliated with religion", "Leaving the Faith Because of the Faithful", "Christian faith plus Chinese productivity", "Public Opinion Survey of Iranian Americans", "Losing Our Religion: The Growth of The 'Nones', "The Persistent and Exceptional Intensity of American Religion: A Response to Recent Research", "Shall the Religious Inherit the Earth? [339][341][342] Between 2010 and 2015 the Muslim fertility rate in Europe was (2.1). Werner Ustorf. [352] A survey conducted by Pew Research Center in 2017 found that conversion has a negative impact on the growth of the Muslim population in Europe, with roughly 160,000 more people leaving Islam than converting into Islam between 2010 and 2016. [439] However, since around 2001 the Universal House of Justice has prioritized statistics of the community by their levels of activity rather than simply their population of avowed adherents or numbers of local assemblies. ), According to Pew Research Center survey in 2012, religiously unaffiliated (include agnostic and atheist) make up about 18.2% of Europe's population,[450] and they make up the majority of the population in only two European countries: Czech Republic (76%) and Estonia (60%). (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax [384] In a 2008 conference on religion at Yale University's The MacMillan Center Initiative on Religion, Politics, and Society which hosted a speech from Hugh Kennedy, he stated forced conversions played little part in the history of the spread of the faith. [39] Comparing this with other surveys, evidence suggests that nowadays three-fifths to four-fifths of the Chinese believe in folk religion. [320] Globally, Muslims were younger (median age of 23) than the overall population (median age of 28) as of 2010. by Daniel. This year, 2 million people are expected to head for Hajj and 1,735,391 have arrived in the country already, according to the Saudi Press Agency. This has only been achieved in rare cases, and then only for particular countries, such as the American Religious Identification Survey[451] in the United States, or census data from Australia (which has included a voluntary religious question since 1911). [104][105][106] In Brazil, the total number of Protestants jumped from 16.2% in 2000[107] to 22.2% in 2010 (for the first time, the percentage of Catholics in Brazil is less than 70%). Additionally, in some countries, legal and social consequences make conversion difficult. Before it was banned in certain countries, the religion "hugely increased" in sub-Saharan Africa. And by 2050, the U.S. Muslim population is projected to reach8.1 million, or 2.1% of the nations total population nearly twice the share of today. [519] The database groups adherents into 18 broadly-defined categories: Agnostics, Atheists,[c] Bahs, Buddhists, Chinese folk-religionists, Christians, Confucianists, Daoists, Ethnoreligionists, Hindus, Jains, Jews, Muslims, New Religionists, Shintoists, Sikhs, Spiritists, and Zoroastrians. [504] One-fifth of the decrease in population is attributed to migration. [480] The Sikh population has the lowest gender balance in India, with only 903 women per 1,000 men according to the 2011 Indian census,[481] although the sex ratio at birth for Indian Sikhs has rapidly improved from 130 male births per 100 female births in 2001 to 110 male births per 100 female births in 2019-21, now only slightly above the average for India as a whole (108 male births per female births). There is an ongoing silent migration away from the church of an estimated 3,500 individuals each and every day. When asked to specify why they became Muslim, converts give a variety of reasons. The number of Muslims will equal the number of Christians around the . [393] As a result of the efforts by these and other Jewish groups over the past 25 years, there has been a trend (known as the Baal teshuva movement) for secular Jews to become more religiously observant, though the demographic implications of the trend are unknown. Learn about Muslims and Islam through four short lessons delivered to your inbox every other day. [462] The religion began in the region of Punjab in eastern Pakistan and Northwest India. [59] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 223 million babies were born to Christian mothers and roughly 107 million Christians died, meaning that the natural increase in the Christian population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 116 million over this period". It also stated that over a 50% decline was found in 22 Muslim countries and over a 60% decline in Iran, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Bangladesh, Tunisia, Libya, Albania, Qatar and Kuwait. He also states that Muslims & Non-Muslims fertility rate difference will decrease from 0.7 to 0.4 and this different will continue to shrink as a result of which Muslims and non-Muslims fertility rate will be identical by 2050. Muslim women's low educational attainment is a likely factor; demographers find that higher educational attainment among women is tied to lower fertility rates". He continued to preach until his death in 632. Similar shares listed reasons related to a preference for other religions or philosophies (16%) and personal growth experiences (14%), such as becoming more educated or maturing. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Size & Demographic Characteristics of Religious Groups, Muslims are a growing presence in U.S., but still face negative views from the public, Republicans account for a small but steady share of U.S. Muslims, The share of Americans who leave Islam is offset by those who become Muslim, New estimates show U.S. Muslim population continues to grow, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, Gender pay gap in U.S. hasnt changed much in two decades. [87] In Singapore, the percentage of Christians among Singaporeans increased from 12.7%, in 1990, to 17.5%, in 2010. [90] Some reports also show that the number of the Chinese Indonesians Christians have increased,[91][92] according to scholar Gavin W. Jones of Australian National University, "there has been a rapid growth in the number of Chinese Christians" in Indonesia, and "conversion of Chinese to Christianity accelerated in the 1960s, especially in East Java, and for Indonesia as a whole the proportion of Chinese who were Catholics rose from 2 percent in 1957 to 6 percent in 1969". [348] [85] According to Pew Research Center, "largely through the efforts of missionaries and churches, Christianity has grown rapidly in South Korea over the past century",[84] and has grown from 1% in 1900,[84] to 20.7% in 1985 and to 29.3% in 2010,[47] And the Catholic Church has increased its membership by 70% in the last ten years,[86] according to Pew Research Center, "the growth of Catholics has occurred across all age groups, among men and women and across all education levels. By 2030 Muslims are projected to represent about 26.4% of the global population (out of a total of 7.9billion people). ", "Losing their religion: the hidden crisis of faith among Britain's young Muslims", "Losing Their Religion: When Muslim Immigrants Leave Islam", "Iranians have lost their faith according to survey", " ", "5 facts about the Muslim population in Europe", "The Future of the Global Muslim Population - Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life", World Muslim population doubling, report projects, Fewer differences between foreign-born and Swedish born childbearing women. [118], According to the World Christian Encyclopedia[122] estimate significantly more people have converted to Christianity from Islam in the 21st century than at any other point in Islamic history. Hinduism's 10-year growth rate is estimated at 20% (based on the period 1991 to 2001), corresponding to a yearly growth close to 2%. "[302] People switching their religions will likely have no effect on the growth of the Muslim population,[6] as the number of people who convert to Islam is roughly similar to those who leave Islam. This scenario (Chinese scenario) is based primarily on sensitivity tests.[26]. [30], Buddhism is the majority and state religion in six countries: Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Bhutan and Laos. [125] Indonesia is home to the largest Christian community made up of converts from their former Islamic faith; according to various sources, since the mid and late 1960s, between two million to 2.5 million Muslims converted to Christianity. [324], According to the religious forecast for 2050 by Pew Research Center, between 2010 and 2050 modest net gains through religious conversion are expected for Muslims (3million)[326] and most of the net gains through religious conversion for Muslims found in Sub Saharan Africa (2.9million). [507], There has been recent conversions of Kurds from Islam to Zoroastrianism in Kurdistan for different reasons, including a sense of national and/or ethnic identity or for recent conflicts with radical Muslims, which had been enthusiastically received by Zoroastrians worldwide. From 2000-2010, only a total of 135 out of 686 applications by Muslims seeking . [45], According to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey, there are 2.2billion Christians around the world in 2010,[47] up from about 600 million in 1910. About 6% of . [94] According to a poll conducted by the Gallup Organization in 2006, Christianity has increased significantly in Japan, particularly among youth, and a high number of teens are becoming Christians. or for reasons of social prestige[28]), If you're struggling, there are groups online that can help (including the organisation mentioned in this article), as well as resources like Kids Helpline, which helps young people up to the age . [327] In Europe Muslim population will be nearly double (from 5.9% to 10.2%). [4][5][6] It is projected that birth rates rather than conversion will prove the main factor in the growth of any given religion. [69], In mid-2005 Christianity adds about 65.1 million people annually due to factors such as birth rate and religious conversion, while losing 27.4 million people annually due to factors such as death rate and religious apostasy. by Warren Clark and Grant Schellenberg", "Mxico sigue siendo catlico pero crece el nmero de ateos", "Mexico still Catholic, but number of atheists on the rise", "International Religious Freedom Report 2012 New Zealand", "Sikhism | History, Doctrines, Practice, & Literature", "Religion by visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts", "The Daily The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity", "B16001LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME BY ABILITY TO SPEAK ENGLISH FOR THE POPULATION 5 YEARS AND OVER", "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population", "Table QS210EW 2011 Census: Religion (Detailed), local authorities in England and Wales", "2011 Australian Census - Fastest Growing Religions", "2071.0 - Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories from the Census, 2016", "We need to worry about the decline in Sikh numbers", "Proportion and growth rate of population by religious communities, India, 19612001", "1. Such forecasts cannot be validated empirically and are contentious, but are useful for comparison. Conversions involving Islam sometimes look like a one-way street in the West. By 2040, Muslims will replace Jews as the nations second-largest religious group after Christians. [67] That caused Protestantism to be called a primarily non-Western religion. For example, federal legislation prohibits and criminalizes non-Muslims for preaching or converting Muslims into their religion, even though the reverse is allowed. "Five Centuries After Reformation, Catholic-Protestant Divide in Western Europe Has Faded," Pew Research Center, 31 August 2017, 5/11, Garrison, David; 2014; "A Wind in the House of Islam: How God Is Drawing Muslims Around The World To Faith in Jesus Christ"; WIGTake Resources. In the year 610 a 40 year old illiterate trader in the deserts of Arabia received a revelation that would change the world. [463] Today, India is home to the largest Sikh population with 1.7% of its population, or about 20 million people identifying as Sikh.
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